韭蔥

貓咪可能出現的症狀

由嚴重到輕微排列。

1. 1
   呼吸過速 (Tachypnea) 和呼吸困難 (Dyspnea) 延遲數天後 · This is a compensatory response as the cat's body attempts to offset the decreased blood oxygen transportation capacity and resulting tissue hypoxia.
2. 2
   嗜睡、虛弱和抑鬱 延遲數天後 · These symptoms emerge as a secondary response to systemic hypoxia caused by the profound loss of oxygen-carrying red blood cells.
3. 3
   黏膜蒼白和黃疸 (Icterus) 延遲數天後 · Pale gums indicate a lack of oxygenated blood (anemia)23. Jaundice (yellowing of the skin or mucosa) occurs because of severe red blood cell destruction (extravascular hemolysis), which leads to an excess of bilirubin in the blood (hyperbilirubinemia)
4. 4
   心跳過速 (Tachycardia)（心率加快） 延遲數天後 · Tachycardia develops as the heart pumps much faster to compensate for the impaired oxygen transportation caused by the ruptured and damaged red blood cells.
5. 5
   血紅素尿 (Hemoglobinuria)（深色尿液） 延遲數天後 · This is a hallmark sign of severe oxidative intravascular hemolysis34. Damaged red blood cells rupture and release hemoglobin, which is then excreted through the urinary tract47. This process can lead to secondary acute kidney damage.
6. 6
   畏寒 攝入後數天 · Affected cats may have difficulty regulating their body temperature as a systemic effect of the progressive anemia and impaired oxygen delivery to tissues.
7. 7
   嘔吐、腹瀉、腹痛和食慾不振 通常在攝入後 1 天（24 小時）內 · These are typically the first clinical signs of toxicosis to appear12. They occur due to direct irritation of the gastrointestinal tract and frequently result in dehydration.
8. 8
   蔥屬植物口臭味 攝入後不久 · While not harmful itself, this symptom is specifically associated with recent ingestion and serves as a highly valuable diagnostic clue for veterinarians evaluating the cat.

重要提醒

韭蔥（Leeks）和洋蔥、大蒜、韭菜屬於同一個家族。對貓咪來說，這個家族的植物不論是生的、煮熟的或是乾燥粉末，都具有很高的毒性。因此，絕對不要給貓咪喝含有韭蔥的湯品、燉菜或任何人類的食物。 韭蔥的危險在於它含有的天然化合物會對貓咪的紅血球造成「氧化損傷」。簡單來說，這些化學物質會導致紅血球中負責運送氧氣的血紅蛋白凝結並變質，貓咪的身體會加快破壞這些受損細胞的速度，導致嚴重的貧血。 中毒症狀通常不會立刻出現，往往在吃下去後的 3 到 5 天才會顯現。請留意貓咪是否出現極度疲倦、牙齦發白或發黃、呼吸急促，或是尿液呈現紅褐色。若懷疑貓咪誤食了韭蔥，請立即聯絡獸醫或急診動物醫院。

• 有毒化合物：N-propyl disulfide 和有機硫化合物 (alk(en)yl cysteine sulfoxides)；所有部位皆有毒，包括球莖、莖和葉
• 機制：對血紅素的氧化損傷會產生海因茨體；脾臟破壞受損紅血球的速度快於新生速度，進而導致溶血性貧血
• 症狀：嗜睡、虛弱、黏膜蒼白或發黃、呼吸急促、食慾不振、紅褐色尿液；症狀通常在攝入後 3-5 天才會出現
• 湯品、燉菜或炒菜中的韭蔥在烹飪後依然具有毒性
• 切勿與貓分享含有韭蔥的食物；若懷疑誤食，請立即聯繫獸醫