酒精

貓咪可能出現的症狀

由嚴重到輕微排列。

1. 1
   神經功能受損 30 到 60 分鐘 · Ethanol is rapidly absorbed into the bloodstream and easily crosses the blood-brain barrier.
2. 2
   呼吸抑制 大約 60 分鐘 · As CNS depression worsens, the cat's normal respiratory drive is suppressed1. This leads to shallow, labored breathing that can culminate in complete respiratory failure and death.
3. 3
   急性器官損傷 立即 · Because a cat's liver cannot efficiently clear alcohol, just a tiny amount—as little as a single teaspoon or tablespoon—can quickly overwhelm the liver and brain, leading to irreversible organ failure and death.
4. 4
   失溫 30 到 60 分鐘 · Alcohol induces peripheral vasodilation, which widens the blood vessels near the surface of the skin1. This causes the cat's body to rapidly lose heat, dropping its core temperature to dangerous levels.
5. 5
   代謝性酸中毒 在酒精代謝後，約 60 分鐘 · The liver's attempt to process the ethanol produces acetic acid1. This, combined with an accumulation of lactic acid due to poor systemic perfusion, dangerously lowers the pH of the cat's blood.
6. 6
   腸胃不適 30 到 60 分鐘 · Alcohol directly irritates the gastrointestinal tract34. If the source of the alcohol is raw yeast dough, the cat may also suffer from severe gastric distension (bloating) and abdominal pain as the fermenting yeast produces carbon dioxide gas in the warm environment of the stomach.

重要提醒

酒精（乙醇）對貓具有高度毒性，而且對貓的危險程度遠高於人類，因為貓的肝臟缺乏足夠活躍的酒精脫氫酶，無法有效代謝乙醇。即使是極少量也可能造成危險。 乙醇會透過胃腸道快速吸收，穿越血腦屏障，並作為強烈的中樞神經系統抑制劑；可能造成急性肝損傷、引發代謝性酸中毒，並因血管擴張導致危險的體溫流失。症狀通常會在攝入後 30 到 60 分鐘內出現。 除了直接的酒精飲料之外，隱藏來源還包括生酵母麵團（會在胃中發酵）、腐爛水果，以及某些漱口水或乾洗手液。這些產品可能含有甲醇或異丙醇，毒性甚至比乙醇更強。

• 症狀：方向感混亂、動作失調（共濟失調）、嗜睡、肌肉顫抖、嘔吐、腹瀉、體溫異常降低（低體溫症），以及代謝性酸中毒；嚴重時可能進展為呼吸抑制、癲癇發作、昏迷，甚至死亡。
• 極少量也可能造成嚴重後果：一茶匙的酒精就可能使貓陷入昏迷，並造成嚴重的肝臟或腦部損傷。
• 隱藏來源：生麵包／披薩麵團、腐爛水果、漱口水，以及某些清潔產品——不只是酒精飲料。