含咖啡因飲品／汽水

貓咪可能出現的症狀

由嚴重到輕微排列。

1. 1
   嚴重神經過度刺激 2–12 小時（咖啡因完全吸收後逐漸惡化） · Caffeine blocks cellular adenosine receptors, leading to severe central nervous system overstimulation4. The cat will become extremely agitated, which can rapidly progress to severe muscle tremors, grand mal seizures, and potentially a coma.
2. 2
   心血管功能異常 2–12 小時 · Caffeine increases intracellular calcium levels, which abnormally enhances the strength and frequency of cardiac muscle contractions4. This results in very rapid, irregular heartbeats and ultimately cardiac arrest in the terminal phase of poisoning.
3. 3
   呼吸窘迫 中期至末期（約 2–12 小時內逐步惡化） · As the central nervous and cardiovascular systems become overwhelmed by the stimulant, the cat will pant and breathe very rapidly1. In the most extreme cases, this culminates in complete respiratory failure and arrest.
4. 4
   體溫過高 6–12 小時 · The extreme overstimulation of the nervous system, combined with continuous hyperactivity and severe muscle tremors, generates excessive internal heat, causing the cat's core body temperature to spike to dangerous levels12. (Note: If the caffeinated drink or soda is a "diet" or "sugar-free" variety sweetened with xylitol, there is a theoretical risk of a rapid drop in blood sugar (hypoglycemia) and liver injury, though cats appear to be much more resistant to xylitol toxicity than dogs7. Nonetheless, xylitol combined with caffeine makes these beverages strictly contraindicated8.)
5. 5
   腸胃不適（嘔吐與腹瀉） 2–4 小時（也可能延遲至 6–12 小時） · These are typically the initial symptoms after a cat ingests caffeinated drinks or sodas1. Early vomiting can actually be beneficial, as it helps remove some of the unabsorbed toxic caffeine from the cat's body before it fully enters the bloodstream.
6. 6
   口渴與排尿增加 2–4 小時 · Caffeine acts as a mild diuretic, which increases fluid loss and causes the cat to pass abnormally large amounts of urine, subsequently driving excessive thirst.

重要提醒

含咖啡因飲品，包括汽水、能量飲料、茶和咖啡類飲品，都因含有甲基黃嘌呤 (methylxanthines) 而對貓有毒，主要成分是咖啡因，有些也含有可可鹼 (theobromine)。 貓代謝這些化合物的速度比人類慢很多，危險濃度可能很快累積。即使少量也可能造成明顯傷害；幾口能量飲料就可能讓貓的身體負荷過大。另外，無糖汽水和能量飲料若含有木糖醇，還會增加額外風險。

• 症狀：初期可能出現嘔吐、腹瀉、過度口渴與排尿；接著可能進展為極度躁動、心跳加快、呼吸急促、肌肉顫抖、體溫過高、心律不整與癲癇。
• 能量飲料特別危險：咖啡因濃度通常遠高於汽水或茶，有時還含有牛磺酸和其他刺激物，會加重影響。
• 處理方式：所有含咖啡因飲品都應放在貓碰不到的地方。只要貓喝到任何含咖啡因飲料，就應立即尋求獸醫照護。