紅蔥頭

貓咪可能出現的症狀

由嚴重到輕微排列。

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   呼吸過快和呼吸困難 延遲數天後 · This is a compensatory response as the cat's body attempts to offset the decreased blood oxygen transportation capacity and the resulting tissue hypoxia.
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   嗜睡、虛弱和抑鬱 延遲數天後（通常為 2 到 5 天） · These symptoms emerge as a secondary response to systemic hypoxia caused by the profound destruction and loss of oxygen-carrying red blood cells.
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   黏膜蒼白和黃疸 (Icterus) 延遲數天後（通常為 3 到 5 天） · Pale gums indicate a lack of oxygenated blood due to anemia6. Jaundice (yellowing of the skin or mucosa) occurs because of severe red blood cell destruction (extravascular hemolysis), which leads to an excess of bilirubin in the blood (hyperbilirubinemia)
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   心搏過速（心跳加快） 延遲數天後 · Tachycardia develops as the heart pumps much faster to compensate for the impaired oxygen transportation caused by the ruptured and damaged red blood cells.
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   血紅蛋白尿（深色尿液） 延遲數天後 · This is a hallmark sign of severe oxidative intravascular hemolysis714. Damaged red blood cells rupture and release hemoglobin, which is then excreted through the urinary tract7. This process can lead to secondary acute kidney injury known as hemoglobinuric nephrosis.
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   對冷敏感 攝入後數天 · Affected cats may have difficulty regulating their body temperature as a systemic effect of the progressive anemia and impaired oxygen delivery to tissues.
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   嘔吐、腹瀉、腹痛和食慾不振 通常在攝入後 1 天（24 小時）內 · These are typically the first clinical signs of toxicosis to appear56. They occur due to direct irritation of the mouth and gastrointestinal tract and frequently result in dehydration.
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   蔥屬氣味呼吸 攝入後不久 · While not harmful itself, this symptom is specifically associated with recent ingestion of Allium plants and serves as a highly valuable diagnostic clue for veterinarians evaluating the cat.

重要提醒

紅蔥頭 (shallots) 是蔥屬 (Allium family) 的一員，和洋蔥、大蒜是親戚，對貓有劇毒。所有形式的紅蔥頭——生的、熟的、油炸的或乾燥的——都很危險。以重量計，紅蔥頭的毒性被認為比普通洋蔥更強、更濃縮。 和其他蔥屬植物一樣，紅蔥頭含有有機硫化合物，會對貓的紅血球造成氧化損傷。這種損害會導致一種稱為「溶血性貧血」(hemolytic anemia) 的狀況，紅血球被破壞的速度超過身體製造的速度。因為紅血球負責輸送氧氣，這種狀況可能迅速危及生命。 症狀通常需要 3-5 天才會出現，可能包括嗜睡、虛弱、牙齦蒼白、食慾不振和紅棕色的尿液。紅蔥頭常用於調味醬汁、沙拉醬和許多現成餐點。絕對不要與你的貓分享經過調味的人類食物。如果你懷疑你的貓即使只吃了一點點，請立即聯絡獸醫。

• 有毒化合物：二丙基二硫醚和有機硫化合物；所有形式均有毒——生的、煮熟的、醃製的和乾燥的
• 機制：氧化損傷在紅血球中產生海恩茨氏體；隨著受影響的細胞被破壞，進而發展為溶血性貧血
• 症狀：嗜睡、牙齦蒼白或發黃、呼吸急促、食慾不振、虛弱、尿液呈紅褐色；症狀通常延遲 3-5 天出現
• 紅蔥頭常用於許多醬汁、調味料和亞洲菜餚中——絕不要與貓分享調味過的食物
• 如果懷疑誤食，請立即聯繫您的獸醫