生麵糰 (Raw dough)

貓咪可能出現的症狀

由嚴重到輕微排列。

1. 1
   胃擴張（脹氣）與腹痛 早期（通常在最初幾小時內）。 · When ingested, the warm, moist environment of the cat's stomach acts as an incubator for the yeast in the raw dough12. The yeast ferments dietary carbohydrates, producing large amounts of carbon dioxide gas that causes the dough mass to rapidly expand.
2. 2
   呼吸窘迫與抑制 漸進式（1 小時至數小時內）。 · Respiratory issues in raw dough toxicosis arise from two concurrent dangers. First, the physically distended stomach presses heavily against the diaphragm, which impairs the cat's normal breathing ability.
3. 3
   代謝性酸中毒與低血糖 漸進式（通常在一小時內發生並隨時間惡化）。 · The systemic absorption and partial metabolism of the ethanol produce acetic and lactic acids, which dangerously lower the pH of the cat's blood (metabolic acidosis)67. The intoxication can also trigger severe hypoglycemia.
4. 4
   嚴重中樞神經系統抑制（癲癇與昏迷） 漸進式（隨著發酵持續進行且乙醇濃度達到峰值）。 · Because the raw dough continues to actively ferment inside the stomach, it acts as an ongoing, continuous source of alcohol2. Without rapid veterinary intervention, the initial weakness and disorientation will progress to recumbency, seizures, a comatose state, and death.
5. 5
   神經受損（共濟失調與定向力障礙） 30 至 60 分鐘內。 · As a byproduct of fermentation, the yeast also produces ethanol (alcohol) directly inside the stomach12. This ethanol is rapidly absorbed into the bloodstream and easily crosses the blood-brain barrier.
6. 6
   低體溫 30 至 60 分鐘內。 · The ethanol absorbed from the raw dough induces peripheral vasodilation (widening of the blood vessels near the skin's surface)6. This causes the cat's body to rapidly lose heat, dropping its core temperature to dangerous levels.

重要提醒

生麵糰對貓咪來說非常危險。貓咪溫暖的胃部如同發酵箱，會讓麵糰中的活酵母持續作用，產生大量的二氧化碳氣體與乙醇 (Ethanol, 即酒精)。這些氣體會導致生麵糰在胃部迅速膨脹，引起嚴重的腹脹與腹痛，甚至可能壓迫橫隔膜導致呼吸困難。 此外，發酵產生的乙醇會快速進入貓咪的血液循環。由於貓咪代謝酒精的酵素活性有限、能力較低，極少量的乙醇就可能引發嚴重中毒，導致身體虛弱、抽搐甚至呼吸衰竭。烤熟的麵包是安全的，但生麵糰具有高度危險性。若貓咪誤食生麵糰，請立即聯絡獸醫或急診動物醫院。

• 毒性機制 1：酵母發酵產生二氧化碳——導致腹部脹氣、擴張，並有胃擴張的風險
• 毒性機制 2：發酵產生的乙醇——迅速被吸收；貓的酒精去氫酶活性有限、代謝能力較低，會導致中樞神經與呼吸抑制
• 症狀：腹部膨脹、嘔吐、嗜睡、定向力障礙、虛弱；乙醇中毒會導致步態不穩、體溫低、呼吸緩慢
• 烘烤過的麵包是安全的——熱度會殺死酵母並使酒精揮發；只有生麵糰具有此風險
• 如果您的貓攝取了生酵母麵糰，請立即聯繫獸醫