大蒜

貓咪可能出現的症狀

由嚴重到輕微排列。

1. 1
   呼吸過速 (Tachypnea) 和呼吸困難 (Dyspnea) 延遲數天後 · This is a compensatory response to the decreased blood oxygen transportation capacity and resulting tissue hypoxia.
2. 2
   嗜睡、虛弱和抑鬱 延遲數天後（通常為 2 到 4 天） · These symptoms emerge as a secondary response to systemic hypoxia caused by the profound destruction of oxygen-carrying red blood cells (hemolytic anemia)
3. 3
   黏膜蒼白和黃疸 (Icterus) 延遲數天後 · Pale gums indicate a lack of oxygenated blood (anemia), while jaundice (yellowing of the skin/mucosa) indicates severe red blood cell destruction leading to an excess of bilirubin in the blood (hyperbilirubinemia)
4. 4
   心跳過速 (Tachycardia) 和低血壓 (Hypotension)（心血管窘迫） 攝入後數天 · Tachycardia develops as the heart pumps faster to compensate for impaired oxygen transportation6. Furthermore, garlic contains pharmacologically active agents (allicin and ajoene) that act as potent cardiac and smooth muscle relaxants, vasodilators, and hypotensive agents.
5. 5
   血紅素尿 (Hemoglobinuria)（深色尿液） 延遲數天後 · This is a hallmark sign of severe oxidative hemolysis, where damaged red blood cells rupture and release hemoglobin, which is then excreted through the urinary tract.
6. 6
   畏寒 攝入後數天 · Affected cats may have difficulty regulating their body temperature due to the systemic effects of the anemia and hypoxia.
7. 7
   嘔吐、腹瀉、腹痛和流口水 通常在 24 小時內出現，但也可能延遲 2 到 4 天 · These are typically the first signs of toxicosis to appear2. Unaged garlic preparations contain specific compounds that can cause direct, painful damage to the gastric and ileal mucosa, resulting in severe abdominal pain and diarrhea.
8. 8
   大蒜口臭 攝入後不久 · While not dangerous itself, this symptom is specifically associated with recent ingestion and serves as a highly valuable diagnostic clue for veterinarians.

重要提醒

大蒜（Allium sativum）對貓高度有毒。以重量來看，它比洋蔥更危險，因此熟食、蒜粉、醬料或調味粉中的少量大蒜也可能造成問題。 大蒜含有貓無法安全代謝的含硫化合物。這些成分會傷害紅血球。當太多紅血球受損時，貓可能發生溶血性貧血，也就是血液無法正常運送氧氣。 症狀不一定馬上出現。貓可能嘔吐、腹瀉、虛弱、呼吸變快、牙齦蒼白，或尿液變深。如果已知貓吃到大蒜，不要等症狀出現才處理。請聯絡獸醫或寵物毒物諮詢單位，尤其是攝取量不明，或大蒜是濃縮形式時。

• 主要危害：大蒜中的有機硫化合物會傷害紅血球，可能造成貧血。
• 症狀：嘔吐、流口水、腹痛、虛弱、牙齦蒼白或發黃、呼吸急促、食慾差或深色尿液。
• 高風險形式：大蒜粉、乾燥大蒜、醬料、高湯、大蒜麵包和調味人類食物。
• 處理方式：不要餵任何形式的大蒜；即使還沒出現症狀，只要懷疑誤食就應盡快聯絡獸醫。