曼陀羅／洋金花

貓咪可能出現的症狀

由嚴重到輕微排列。

1. 1
   抽動和抽搐 Not explicitly specified in the provided sources. · Neurological signs can escalate from muscle twitching to full convulsions. Without intervention, this can progress to coma and death.
2. 2
   呼吸急促 (呼吸過快) Not explicitly specified in the provided sources. · This is often one of the immediate physiological responses to the toxicity listed alongside cardiac issues.
3. 3
   瞳孔放大 (散瞳) Not explicitly specified in the provided sources. · This sign indicates the toxin's effect on the nervous system, typically associated with the plant's alkaloid properties (though the specific alkaloids are not named in this source text).
4. 4
   脈搏過快 (心動過速) Not explicitly specified in the provided sources. · The plant causes significant cardiovascular stimulation.Neurological Dysfunction (Twitching and Convulsions)
5. 5
   腹瀉 Not explicitly specified in the provided sources. · While gastrointestinal distress is present, the neurological and cardiac signs are generally the primary cause for concern regarding mortality.

重要提醒

曼陀羅／洋金花（Datura stramonium），也稱 thorn apple 或 devil’s trumpet，對貓極度有毒。整株植物都可能危險，包括葉子、種子、花和莖。 這種植物含有托烷生物鹼，例如 atropine、scopolamine 和 hyoscyamine。這些化學物質會阻斷身體正常的神經訊號。即使少量暴露，也可能影響心臟、大腦、眼睛、腸胃和體溫。 症狀可能包括瞳孔放大、流口水或口乾、嘔吐、心跳加快、躁動、虛弱、顫抖、抽搐或昏倒。這是緊急情況。如果貓啃咬或吃到曼陀羅任何部位，請立即聯絡獸醫或急診動物醫院。

• 有毒化合物：托烷類生物鹼 — 阿托品、東莨菪鹼、莨菪鹼；所有部分均有毒；帶刺的種莢濃度最高
• 機制：競爭性拮抗蕈毒鹼型乙醯膽鹼受體，導致完全的抗膽鹼症候群 (口乾、心跳快、體溫高、失明、狂躁)
• 症狀：瞳孔放大 (散瞳)、口乾、心跳過快 (心動過速)、體溫升高、定向力障礙、激動、幻覺樣行為、癲癇發作、昏迷
• 種莢是最集中的毒素來源，並可在地面上存留數月
• 任何疑似攝入的情況均屬於獸醫急診 — 托烷類生物鹼中毒可能迅速致死