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Grapes / Raisins / Currants
Vitis vinifera
Grapes, raisins, sultanas, and currants are all severely toxic to cats. The specific toxic compound responsible has not been conclusively identified, though tartaric acid is a leading suspect. Critically, there is no known safe dose — even a single grape or a few raisins can cause acute kidney failure, and some cats react to very small amounts while others show no reaction, making all exposure unpredictable and dangerous.
Important Notes
Toxic compounds: likely tartaric acid or related compound; exact mechanism still under investigation
Mechanism: direct nephrotoxicity — causes acute tubular injury leading to kidney failure within 24–72 hours
Symptoms Phase 1 (within 6h): vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, lethargy; Phase 2 (24–72h): acute kidney failure with decreased urination, loss of appetite, weakness
Raisins and dried currants are more dangerous by weight due to concentration; currants (Zante) are similarly toxic
Any grape or raisin ingestion warrants immediate veterinary attention — do not wait for symptoms
Potentially Toxic Parts
Root
Stem
Leaf
Fruit
Possible Symptoms Reported in Cats
Oliguria (Decreased Urine) or Anuria (No Urine Production)
Renal · 12–72 hours (As the condition worsens).
Vomiting
Gastrointestinal · Within 12 hours of ingestion.
Lethargy, Weakness, or Depression
Neurological · 12–24 hours.
Increased Thirst (Polydipsia) and Increased Urination (Polyuria)
Renal · Initial 24 hours.
Poor Appetite or Refusal to Eat
Gastrointestinal · 12–24 hours.
Diarrhea
Gastrointestinal · 12–24 hours (Often follows the initial vomiting).
Disclaimer: This summary was compiled from multiple sources and is for informational use only. It is not a diagnosis or treatment plan. Toxicity can vary based on the substance, amount, plant part, and individual cat. If you think your cat may have been exposed to a toxic substance, contact a veterinarian right away.